Jeffery A. Steevens, PhD

Education

• 1999 Ph.D. in Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS. Dissertation: Chemical mixture interactions: toxicity of chlorpyrifos, dieldrin, and methyl mercury to the amphipod Hyalella azteca. Dissertation advisor: William H. Benson.
• 1994 B.S. in Biochemistry (minor in Geology) University of Missouri, Columbia, MO. Thesis: An evaluation of beta-adrenoceptors and muscarinic cholinergic receptors in tissues of brown bullhead catfish (Ameiurus nebulosus). Thesis advisor: Susan B. Jones.

Professional Experience

• Technical Expert and Army Representative, Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP), Toxics and Risks Subcommittee, 2012-current. I am an invited Army representative and technical expert on the OSTP subcommittee that coordinates the Federal activities related to toxics and risk issues. Technical areas that have been addressed through this committee include green chemistry and exposure assessment. Currently the Army representative for the Working Group on Exposure Science in the 21st Century.
• U.S. Technical Lead, Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) test guideline development lead for nanomaterial dissolution and fate decision tree, 2013-current. I am the technical lead for the development of two OECD test guidelines for nanomaterials. This effort is in coordination with EPA and other Federal agencies to represent the U.S. interests in test guideline development.
• Technical Expert and Army Representative, National Nanotechnology Initiative (NNI) Nanotechnology Environmental and Health Implications (NEHI), 2009-current. I am the Army representative on this multi-agency initiative (26 total) that coordinates the Federal research investment in nanotechnology related research. As part of this activity, I am the technical co-author of the National Nanotechnology Initiative (NNI) Research Strategy, 2010, 2012. I am a DoD representative to support US-EU coordination of research (http://us-eu.org). In 2013 I co-chair the NNI Risk workshop to receive input from Industry and Academic stakeholders on the risk assessment, management, and perception for nanotechnology development. Results of this workshop will guide and coordinate the future Federal investment.
• Army Technical Lead, South Africa Research Coordination and Collaboration on Water Security, Department of Defense and State Department, 2011-present. I am the technical lead and program lead for an strategic international collaboration with the South Africa Center for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR). The purpose of this collaboration is to coordinate US and SA research in life cycle analysis of advanced materials, climate change, and water security
• Technical Advisor for nanomaterials as an emerging contaminant, Materials of Evolving Regulatory Interest Team (MERIT), Office of Under Secretary of Defense, 2005-present. I am an invited technical advisor (invited by Shannon Cunniff SES, Director, Emerging Contaminants Office of Deputy Under Secretary of Defense) to MERIT team and provide expertise on broad issues of emerging contaminants relevant to the DoD as well as a specific subteam addressing issues associated with nanomaterials. As part of this team, I provide technical expertise on the latest scientific information, share results from my laboratory, and provide guidance on issues that may impact military technology development.
• Board of Visitors, University of Mississippi Pharmacy School, 2012-current. I am an invited expert and advisor for the research program at the University of Mississippi School of Pharmacy. This advisory panel assesses the current program and provides strategic guidance for future strategic development of the research program.
• Co-chair for North Atlantic Treaty Organization - Advanced Research Workshops on non-contaminant stressors, April, 2007, and risks and benefits of nanomaterials, April, 2008. I was a co-organizer for an ARW workshop on non-contaminant stressors and gave an invited presentation. In 2008, I directed an ARW on the risks and benefits of nanomaterials working to bring together over 60 experts from over 20 NATO countries to discuss the latest science, publish a manuscript, and write a book on the topic
• Expert Member, USACE Dredged Material Testing Specialists, 1999-present. I am one of the national technical experts to the USACE in the area of toxicology, dredged material assessment and management. Problems addressed are wide ranging and include regulatory issues, technical aspects in litigation, and emergency response. Example problems include Post-Katrina emergency dredging, management of sediments in New York Harbor, endangered killer whales in Seattle, WA, and TVA fly ash spill response for Nashville District.
• Technical Lead, World Bank technical advising for Jakarata Indonesia Emergency Dredging Initiative (JEDI), 2008-2010. I was the ERDC lead for a team of engineers, modelers, and biologists from multiple laboratories in ERDC to support an emergency dredging project in Jakarta Indonesia. My leadership resulted in one of the first long-term relationships of the USACE with the WB through a Memorandum of Understanding. The team I was leading advised the WB in areas of water management, flood control, sea level rise, and environmental impacts of contaminants, sediment management, and waste management. Jakarta is home to over 25 million people priority project for the U.S. because of its strategic interest for National Security.
• Tri-Services (Army, Air Force, Navy) Environmental Risk Assessment Work Group, 1999-present. As an expert in toxicology and environmental risk assessment I present innovative research to other DoD experts to address environmental issues common to the DoD. As part of this, I have hosted and chaired meetings, presented, invited speakers, and co-authored joint services guidance documents.
• Adjunct Professor, University of Missouri, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, 2008- Current Adjunct Professor, Middle Tennessee State University, Department of Biology, 2012-current Adjunct Professor, University of Mississippi, Environmental Toxicology Research Program, School of Pharmacy and National Center for Natural Pharmaceutical Research, 2007-current Invited Lecturer, WestPoint Army Academy. 2009-2010 Adjunct Professor, University of North Texas, Institute of Applied Sciences. 2002-2005 Adjunct Professor, Jackson State University, Department of Biology. 2003-2008
• Invited Peer-Reviewer: Environmental Science and Technology, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, Toxicological Sciences, Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, Aquatic Toxicology, Great Lakes Environmental Research, Marine Environmental Research, Chemosphere, Environmental Pollution, Nanotoxicology.

Research Interests

• Risk assessment and management of contaminated sediments, bioavailability and biological effects of military-relevant materials (e.g., explosives, nanomaterials, metals). Current responsibilities include leading a multi-disciplinary ERDC research cluster focusing on the fate, transport, and toxicology of advanced materials in Army technologies. In addition to his research on nanomaterials, he has been a technical advisor to the World Bank on international projects, EPA Superfund Program, and provides expertise on many contaminated sediments projects throughout the U.S. His recent research activities have included leading a technical response to the recent Deepwater Horizon oil spill, response to the TVA fly ash spill in Tennessee, and several Superfund sites.

Research Projects

• Life Cycle Approach for Environmental Risk of Advanced Military Technologies. Project Leader. The Army is currently funding 4 projects focusing on the environmental effects of engineered nanomaterials. Partnering with technology developers, the goal is to identify the most likely exposure scenarios (e.g., sources, media, intact exposure pathways) for future investigations. One project focuses on the development of dose metrics based on alternative non-mass based measures such as surface area, surface chemistry, particle size, zeta potential, and functionalization. A second project focuses on the role of surface chemistry on particle partitioning and toxicity. The final two projects aim to develop a classification system and software for green design of engineered nanomaterials.
• Multi-Level Environmental Risk Research on Military Relevant Compounds using a Systems-Based Approach. Project leader. The World Bank is supporting a dredging project in Jakarta Indonesia to relieve flooding in canals throughout the city. ERDC is providing expert technical support in the areas of environmental assessment and management, engineering, and hydraulic modeling. The goals of the project are to provide sustainable solutions to the population dense city in the long term management of the flood control canals throughout the city. Additional components of the project include mapping of the city, hydraulic model verification of canal efficiency, and beneficial use of the dredged material for flood control and development.
• Bioavailability, Toxicology, and Environmental Risk Assessment of Contaminants. Project Leader. Several projects focus on the bioavailability of metals through the use of innovative terrestrial reptilian and invertebrate models. Specific projects include the assessment of the bioaccessibility and formation of lead metal rich granules, evaluation of bioassay guided fractionation and toxicity identification for endocrine effects of explosives, and the use of terrestrial animal models to assess dust stabilizer applications for installations.
• Expert Support to USACE Dredging Operations Technical Support Program. Team Member. As a member of the USACE Dredging Operations Technical Support (DOTS) program, I respond to problems that arise at the 42 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Districts. Technical issues that are addressed include testing to ensure compliance with Clean Water Act, MPRSA, ESA, NEPA, and CERCLA. In addition I provide technical expertise for environmental sampling, environmental chemistry, conducting biological tests (water column, sediment, bioaccumulation), interpretation of bioassay results, and risk assessment. Additional responsibilities include negotiating regulatory issues with non-profit organizations, State and Federal agencies as well as provide technical expertise for federal litigation.

Professional Memberships

• Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 1993  current Co-Chair, Organizing Committee for SETAC North America Annual Meeting in 2009 Student Mentor and Activities Committee, 2005  current Member, Molecular biology in ecotoxicology advisory
• Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 1993  current
• Mid-South Chapter, Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 1996  current
• Society of Toxicology, 1995  current
• American Chemical Society, 1999-current
• Society for Risk Analysis, 2005  present

Additional

• Kennedy, A.J., Melby, N.L., Moser, R.D., Bednar, A.J., Son, S.F., Lounds, C.D., Laird, J.G., Nellums, R.R., Johnson, D.R., and J.A. Steevens. 2013. Fate and toxicity of CuO nanospheres and nanorods used in Al/CuO nanothermites before and after combustion. Environmental Science and Technology. 47(19): 11258-11267.
• Coleman, J.G., Kennedy, A.J., Bednar, A.J., Ranville, J.F., Laird, J.G., Harmon, A.R., Hayes, C.A., Gray, E.P., Higgins, C.P., Lotufo, G., and J.A. Steevens. 2013. Comparing the effects of nanosilver size and coating variations on bioavailability, internalization, and elimination, using Lumbriculus variegates. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. 32(9): 2069-2077.
• Bednar. A.J., Averett, D.E., Seiter, J.M., Lafferty, B., Jones, W.T., Hayes, C.A., Chappell, M.A., Carke, J.U., and J.A. Steevens. 2013. Characterization of metals released from coal fly ash during dredging at the Kingston ash recovery project. Chemosphere. 92(11) 1563-1570.
• Tang, K., Liu, X., Harper, S.L., Steevens, J.A., and Roger Xu. 2013. NEIMiner: nanomaterial environmental impact data miner. International Journal of Nanomedicine. 8(Suppl I): 15-29.
• Liu, X., Tang, K., Harper, S., Harper, B., Steevens, J.A., and Roger Xu. 2013. Predictive modeling of nanomaterial exposure effects in biological systems. International Journal of Nanomedicine. 8(Suppl I): 31-43.
• Poda, A.R., Moser, R.D., Cuddy, M.F., Doorenbos, Z., Lafferty, B.J., Weiss, C.A., Harmon, A., Chappell, M.A., and J. A. Steevens. 2013. Nano-aluminum thermite formulations: characterizing the fate properties of a nanotechnology during use. Journal of Nanomaterials & Molecular Nanotechnology. 2(1): 1-9.
• Bednar, A.J., Poda, A.R., Mitrano, D.M., Kennedy, A.J., Gray, E.P., Ranville, J.F., Hayes, C.A., Crocker, F.H., and J.A. Steevens. 2013. Comparison of on-line detectors for field flow fractionation analysis of nanomaterials. Talanta. 104: 140-148.
• Kennedy, A.J., Chappell, M.A., Bednar, A.J., Ryan, A.C., Laird, J.G., Stanley, J.K., and J.A. Steevens. 2012. Impact of Organic Carbon on the Stability and Toxicity of Fresh and Stored Silver Nanoparticles. Environmental Science and Technology. In press.
• Stanley, J.K., Kennedy, A.J., Chappell, M., Seiter, J.M., Averett, D., and J.A. Steevens. 2012. Impact Assessment of Dredging to Remove Coal Fly Ash at the TVA Kingston Fossil Plant Using Fathead Minnow Elutriate Exposures. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. In Press.
• Handy, R., Cornelis, G., Fernandes, T., Tsyusko, O., Decho, A., Sabo-Attwod, T., Metcalfe, C., Steevens, J., Klaine, S., Koelmans, A., and N. Horn. 2012. Ecotoxicity test methods for engineered nanomaterials: paractical experiences and recommendations from the bench. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. 31(1): 15-31.
• Tang, K., Liu, X., Harper, S.L., Steevens, J.A., and Roger Xu. 2012. NEIMiner: A model driven data mining system for studying environmental impact of nanomaterials. IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBMW) proceedings. 895-902.
• Liu, X., Tang, K., Harper, S., Harper, B., Steevens, J.A., and Roger Xu. 2012. Predictive modeling of nanomaterial biological effects. IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBMW) proceedings. 859-863.
• Chappell, M., Miller, L., George, A., Pettway, B., Price, C., Porter, B., Bednar, A., Seiter, J., Kennedy, A., and J. Steevens. 2011. Simultaneous dispersion-dissolution behavior of concentrated silver nanoparticle suspensions in the presence of model organic solutes. Chemosphere. 84: 1108-1116.
• Bennett, E., Steevens, J., Lotufo, G., Paterson, G., and K. Drouillard. 2011. Novel control and steady-state correction method for standard 28-day bioaccumulation tests using Nereis virens. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. 30: 1366-1375.
• Poda, A., Bednar, A., Kennedy, A., Harmon, A., Hull, M., Mitrano, D., Ranville, J., and J. Steevens. 2011. Characterization of silver nanoparticles using flow-field flow fractionation interfaced to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Journal of Chromatrography A. 1218: 4219-4225.
• Kennedy AJ, Hull MS, Bednar AJ, Goss JD, Gunter JC, Bouldin JL, Vikesland PJ, Steevens JA. 2010. Fractionating nanosilver: importance for determining toxicity to aquatic test organisms. Environmental Science and Technology 44: 9571-9577.
• McElroy, A.E., Barron, M.G., Beckaver, N., Kane Driscoll, S.B., Meador, J.P., Parkerton, T.F., Preuss, T.G., and J.A. Steevens. 2010. A review of the tissue residue approach for organic and organometallic compounds in aquatic organisms. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management. 7: 50-74.
• Stanley, J., Kennedy, A., Farrar, J.D., Mount, D.R., and J. Steevens. 2010. Evaluation of reduced sediment volume procedures for acute toxicity tests using the estuarine amphipod Leptocheirus plumulosus. Envirronmental Toxicology and Chemistry. 29(12): 2769-2776.
• Coleman, J., Johnson, D., Boyd, R., Bednar, A. and J. Steevens. 2010. Assessing the fate and effects of nano aluminum oxide in the terrestrial invertebrate, Eisenia fetida. Envirronmental Toxicology and Chemistry. 29(7): 1575-1580.
• Stanley, J. and J. Steevens. 2010. Sediment Toxicity and Bioaccumulation of Nano and Micron-sized Aluminum Oxide. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. 29(2): 422-429.
• Johnson, D., Methner, M., Kennedy, A. and J. Steevens. 2010. Potential for occupational exposure to engineered carbon-based nanomaterials in environmental laboratory studies. Environmental Health Perspectives. 118: 49-54.
• Kane-Driscoll, S., McArdle, M., Burmistrov, D., Reiss, M., and J. Steevens. 2010. A framework for using dose as a metric to assess toxicity of fish to PAHs. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. 73(4): 486-490.
• Kenndy, A.J., Gunter, J.C., Chappell, M.A., Goss, J.D., Hull, M.S., Kirgan, R.A., and J.A. Steevens. 2009. Influence of nanotube preparation in aquatic bioassays. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. 28(9): 1930-1938.
• Kennedy, A.J., Steevens, J.A., Lotufo, G.R., Farrar, J.D., Reiss, M.R., Kropp, R., Doi, J., and T.S.Bridges. 2009. Evaluation of the Relative Performance of Acute and Chronic Toxicity Methods for Marine Sediments. Marine Environmental Research. 68: 118127.
• Hull, M., Kennedy, A., Bednar, A., Weiss, C., and J. Steevens. 2009. Nanomanufacturing Ecotoxicology: A Prospective Evaluation of Material Intermediates and Byproducts. Environmental Science and Technology. 43: 4169-4174.
• Chappell, M., George, A., Dontsova, K., Porter, B., Price, C., Zhong, P., Morikawa, E., Kennedy, A., and J. Steevens. 2009. Surfactive stabilization of multi-walled carbon nanotube dispersions with dissolved humic substances. Environmental Pollution. 157(4): 1081-1087.

Publications

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